The project aimed at developing a large scale research proposal (INREF) to decipher the ancient Amazonian technology for sustainable management of tropical soils. Resilience developed a large scale research programme for Wageningen University and studied nutrient balances. The proposal got awarded a €1.000.000 grant by the Interdisciplinary Research and Education Fund of Wageningen UR in 2007. In addition, Resilience wrote two book chapters for a standard work on the Terra Preta do Indio (Indian Black Soils).